Headquarters
The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)
Darbari Seth Block, Core 6C,
India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road,
New Delhi - 110 003, India
The report, “India’s PV Manufacturing & Its Strategic Inflection Points,” was released on 9 January 2026, at the ITC Maurya, New Delhi. The launch took place between 6:30–7:00 PM as a cornerstone of the formal unveiling of India’s National Cleantech Manufacturing Implementation Plan during the Bharat Climate Forum 2026.
Globally, road vehicles contribute 20 per cent of CO2 emissions; yet trucks, which account for less than 1 per cent of the total vehicle fleet, contribute approximately 35% of those emissions. In India, the situation is similar: while making up only 3 per cent of road vehicles, commercial trucks are responsible for 34 per cent of the road transport sector's CO2 emissions. Though this segment is carbon-intensive, it remains essential for the country’s economic development. India is also the world's third-largest automotive manufacturer, contributing 7.1 per cent to annual GDP and providing direct and indirect employment to approximately 1.9 crore people (MHI, 2023).
As India advances toward its Net-Zero 2070 commitment and the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047, the electrification of transport has emerged as a critical pillar of sustainable development. The Indian automotive industry is currently undergoing a profound transformation driven by Industry 4.0 (4IR). This transition from Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) to Electric Vehicles (EVs) necessitates the digitization of end-to-end processes, fundamentally impacting the entire value chain—from component manufacturing to the finished vehicle.
The 30th annual meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and 7th meeting of the CMA1 convened in Belém from 10- 22 November 2025. This marked a decade since the adoption of the Paris Agreement in 2015. The Brazilian presidency framed the meeting as the “Global Mutirão”, a collective effort to move from commitments to implementation. It approached its leadership by prioritising partnerships not only among countries but also with institutional actors within and beyond UNFCCC.
TERI, under the consortium of the International Solar Alliance (ISA), University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Arconsol, and Sunappeal, developed a Global Climate Case Study Compendium on Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), unveiled at COP30. This landmark publication showcases real-world BIPV projects across diverse climate zones, offering insights into design, technology, and policy innovations for sustainable urban energy transitions.
The world remains off-track to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, with global temperature rise projected to exceed 2.5°C by the end of the century. The existing structure of global climate governance is widely regarded inadequate to deliver the pace and scale of transformation that science demands.
The year 2015 marked a pivotal moment for global sustainability with the adoption of the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Yet, the balance between climate ambition and development remains uneven. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), through Articles 3 and 4, enshrined the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC), linking equity to sustainable development and the means of implementation. This paper examines the interlinkages between human development and energy consumption to operationalise CBDR-RC in the contemporary context.
This position paper seeks to build foundational awareness and understanding of electric vehicles (EVs), with an emphasis on accelerating their adoption in India. The analysis focuses on the private vehicle segment, as highlighted in a study by TERI, that projects a substantial rise in personal vehicle ownership, making it a critical area for electrification.