Land

Today, about 30% of the Earth's land is estimated to be already degraded due to unsustainable use. This further leads to the risk of millions of people being displaced by desertification over the coming decades. We focus on policy and technology solutions that prevent land degradation, restore and further enrich the quality of land, thereby improving livelihoods of people.

Land

NEW IN LAND

  • climate change uttarakhand

    Project

    Scoping Study of Aravalli Hills

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    urban-heat

    Project

    Evaluating Carbon Stock and Biodiversity Dynamics in Chemfab Alkalis Limited’s Plantations: A Comparative Study Across 2014, 2020 and 2025

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    urban-heat

    Project

    Developing Management Plan for Establishment of Green Belt at Utkal Alumina International Limited (UAIL), HINDALCO, Odisha

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  • climate change video

     

    Article

    Wetlands and Peatlands: India’s Overlooked Carbon Opportunity

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  • greenhouse gases

    Project

    Assessment of Carbon Stock in Grassland Ecosystems of Maharashtra

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Projects

Articles

Mangroves Need a New Financial Grammar

Mr Sayanta Ghosh

India must stop treating mangrove restoration as a plantation exercise and begin financing it as climate-resilient coastal infrastructure.

Restoring Land, Financing Hope

Mr Sayanta Ghosh

Achieving India's land restoration commitments will depend on mobilising public and private finance in ways that strengthen rural livelihoods while rebuilding ecological resilience.

Grasslands Are India’s Hidden Carbon Bank

Mr Sayanta Ghosh

As climate finance gains momentum globally, India must broaden its vision beyond forests and recognise the immense value of rangelands, soils, and pastoral livelihoods in addressing climate change.

Biodiversity Conservation Needs Finance, Not Just Intent

Mr Sayanta Ghosh
,
Dr Jitendra Vir Sharma

As the world marks the International Day for Biological Diversity, it is worth asking a simple but uncomfortable question: can biodiversity conservation succeed on moral appeal alone?

From Vulnerability to Viability: A Policy Pathway for India’s Forests

Mr Sayanta Ghosh

India’s forests are entering a decade of compounded risk. Longer dry spells, erratic rainfall, severe fire seasons, invasive spread, fragmentation and rising biomass pressure are no longer episodic concerns; they are structural realities.

Union Budget 2026 Signals a Shift: From Farm Subsidies to Outcome-Driven Agricultural Research

Dr Pushplata Singh

The Union Budget 2026 for agriculture marks a decisive recalibration of India’s farm policy, signalling a gradual transition from a subsidy-reliant, relief-driven approach to a more technology-enabled, outcome-oriented, and sustainability-focused growth paradigm.

Events

TERI, VNV, and KCC Sign a Tripartite Memorandum of Understanding

July 9, 2026
to July 9, 2026

TERI, the Kisan Chamber of Commerce (KCC), and Value Network Advisory (VNV) formally signed a tripartite Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) at the Constitution Club of India, New Delhi, on July 9, to collaborate on the development and implementation of a carbon project in Haryana.

Strengthening Watershed Governance: TERI Hosts 3rd Annual REWARD Stakeholder Workshop in Karnataka

April 22, 2026
to April 22, 2026

The third-year Annual Stakeholder Workshop on Process Monitoring under the Rejuvenating Watershed for Agricultural Resilience through Innovative Development (REWARD) programme was successfully conducted by The Energy and Resources Institute, supported by the Watershed Development Department (WDD), Government of Karnataka.

RECAP4NDC Planning Workshop 2026

March 16, 2026
to March 18, 2026

WSDS 2026 Thematic Track: Women at the Frontlines of Climate Action, Biodiversity & Land Restoration -Community-Led Pathways to achieve SDGs

February 26, 2026
to February 26, 2026

SGP India is organising a Thematic Track at the WSDS 2026 on "Women at the Frontlines of Climate Action, Biodiversity & Land Restoration -Community-Led Pathways to achieve SDGs".

This session brings together policymakers, UN agencies, corporates, knowledge partners, media, and civil society to advance dialogue, learning, and collaboration on women-led, community-based climate action. Specifically, it seeks to:

News

A newly-described fish sheds light on a biodiversity blind spot

July 31, 2026 |
July 31, 2026
Mongabay India

Mr Aniruddh Soni, Fellow, Land Resources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), explains how Community Conserved Areas (CCAs) help protect the region's biodiversity. Managed by local communities under customary law, CCAs include forests, wetlands, rivers, and other ecosystems.

India Needs a Blue Carbon Compact

July 30, 2026
| Mr Sayanta Ghosh
| The Diplomatist

India should establish a Blue Carbon Compact that integrates mangroves, seagrasses, and salt marshes into climate policy, unlocking carbon finance while strengthening coastal resilience, biodiversity, and sustainable livelihoods, writes Mr Sayanta Ghosh, Associate Fellow, Land Resources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI).

India’s New Rice Carbon Market Needs a Farmer-Income Architecture

July 18, 2026
| Mr Sayanta Ghosh
,
| Dr Jitendra Vir Sharma
| Outlook Business

India has created a framework to generate carbon credits from climate-friendly rice cultivation, but experts say a farmer-focused payment and governance model is needed for the market to succeed, write Mr Sayanta Ghosh, Associate Fellow and Dr Jitendra Vir Sharma, Senior Director, Land Resources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI).

India’s carbon credit market needs evidence before it scales

July 17, 2026
| Mr Sayanta Ghosh
,
| Dr Jitendra Vir Sharma
| India Development Review

Carbon markets have failed elsewhere due to weak evidence and poor consent. India can learn these lessons before its market scales, write Mr Sayanta Ghosh, Associate Fellow, and Dr Jitendra Vir Sharma, Senior Director, Land Resources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI).

From Biogas Plants to Climate-Resilient Farms

July 16, 2026
| Mr Sayanta Ghosh
| Global Agriculture

Biogas can link waste management, clean energy and soil restoration, but India must stop measuring success merely by the number of plants installed, writes Mr Sayanta Ghosh, Associate Fellow, Land Resources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI).

Why feasibility matters for land use projects in India [Commentary]

July 7, 2026
| Mr Sayanta Ghosh
,
| Dr Jitendra Vir Sharma
| Mongabay India

Effective land-use projects in India require rigorous feasibility assessments that integrate ecological, social, financial, and governance considerations to ensure sustainable and equitable outcome, write Mr Sayanta Ghosh, Associate Fellow, and Dr Jitendra Vir Sharma, Senior Director, Land Resources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI).

Policy

RESPONSIBLE AGRI PV: BASELINE ASSESSMENT REPORT Renkube Plant, Telangana

April 6, 2026

This brief summarizes the findings of the Responsible Agri-PV Baseline Assessment conducted by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) under the Responsible Energy Initiative (REI) India. The study examines an institutional agrivoltaics (Agri-PV) pilot implemented by Renkube Pvt. Ltd. in collaboration with Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU).

The primary focus of this assessment is to evaluate the feasibility of co-locating solar power generation with active agriculture in the semi-arid, water-stressed conditions typical of Telangana.

RESPONSIBLE AGRI PV BASELINE ASSESSMENT REPORT Khare Energy Plant, Madhya Pradesh

March 31, 2026

This report, prepared by TERI under the Responsible Energy Initiative (REI) India, assesses a farmer-led agrivoltaics (Agri‑PV) pilot at the Khare Energy Plant in Tikamgarh district, Madhya Pradesh. The study evaluates the project’s energy performance, agricultural outcomes, water use, financial viability, and socio-economic impacts, with the aim of understanding how Agri‑PV can support people‑centric and climate‑resilient renewable energy development in India.

Will India attain its forestry NDC target of achieving 2.5–3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent through additional forest and tree cover by 2030?

February 11, 2021

India's forestry NDC target is ambitious and therefore requires a well framed-strategy and a holistic approach to be accomplished. This policy brief presents an analysis of the impending challenges and summarizes the possible recommendations and a road map for meeting the NDC goals by 2030.

Innovative financial mechanisms to achieve additional 2.5–3.0 billion tonne of CO2e through additional forest and tree cover in India by 2030

February 11, 2021

India's forestry funds require a considerable increase in their allocation, along with other immediate reform in the forestry sector, to achieve the nation's forestry Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) target. This policy brief underlines the challenges in achieving the ambitious target of forestry NDCs while laying down recommendations and a roadmap focusing on the need for innovative financial mechanisms.

Scope and potential of coastal ecosystem towards mitigating climate change

February 11, 2021

The key role of blue carbon in mitigating climate change through coastal ecosystem habitats remains unrecognized and unutilized. This policy brief aims to assess this carbon sequestration and mitigation potential of coastal ecosystems for India to achieve its forestry NDC target.

Designing the methodology to establish minimum support prices of trees grown outside forests

February 11, 2021

Agroforestry systems in India have the potential of achieving two-thirds of the forestry sector's NDC targets. This policy brief aims at analysing the status, potential and needs of agroforestry in India and the benefits of providing MSP to farmers for the timber they produce.

Videos

Team

Distinguished Fellow, Land Resources
Senior Director, Water Waste and Natural Resources
Associate Director, Centre for Sustainable Land Management
Area Convenor, Centre for Geospatial Technology Application
Area Convenor, Centre for Sustainable Land Management
Area Convenor, Centre for Geospatial Applications 
Area Convenor at the Centre for Forest Management and Governance