Page 6 - Sustainable Urban Development: Necessity of Integrating Water-Energy-Food Dimensions in Developmental Policies
P. 6
Policy Brief
an integrated approach. Lack of any coordination Food management as integral part of urban
authority to oversee the policies and programmes development missions: Food consumption in
from individual ministries lead to intensification of urban areas is affected by wide range of factors,
trade-offs in their implementation. These trade-offs including food availability, food accessibility and food
lead to wastage of resources in other sectors giving choice, which in turn are influenced by geography,
rise to competitive stress among different sectors. demography, socio-economic status, culture,
The nexus issue could be addressed coherently only marketing and consumer attitudes. At present,
through the involvement of multi-level government urban policies do not focus on management of
authorities with their clear and well defined roles. food in urban areas. Considering the linkages
of food with water and energy, it is necessary to
Infrastructural Gaps: While inappropriate and develop smart solutions/ infrastructure to ensure
outdated infrastructure leads to wastage in water effective supply, storage, distribution and marketing
supply and NRW, it also causes loss of energy, produced mechanisms, simultaneously, ensuring optimum
again using water itself. Moreover, inappropriate supply food consumption patterns at household level in
chain management and facility to store food has been cities and towns. An integration of food management
attributed to wastage of almost one-third of all ‘water schemes with urban development missions will
and energy intensive food’ produced in the country. facilitate sustainable development of urban areas
by ensuring optimization of resource use.
Technological Gaps: Affordability and scalability of
technologies for resource use efficiency is the major Watershed based approach: Adopting a
challenge in their wider application by end users. watershed approach for city level planning,
Simultaneously, trade-offs exist among technologies provides a leverage to incorporate greater
for individual sectors- for example- technologies for degree of self sustainability to the city in terms
water use efficiency are generally energy intensive. of reducing its dependence on natural resources
Similarly, induction stoves while save LPG but are like water from outside the city limits. It increases
electricity intensive. Renewable energy based kitchen the potential for water conservation options like
appliances like solar cookers are not popular due to rainwater harvesting and aquifer recharge, also
their lower efficiency.
WATER AND ENERGY REQUIREMENT FOR FOOD IN THE PANVEL CITY OF
Policy recommendations MAHARASHTRA
An integrated policy framework is required to address Panvel, a new city of Greater Mumbai region is being developed, maintained and
the issues related to water, energy and food security administered by City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra
in the country. The recommendations mentioned (CIDCO) to meet the residential requirements of its population. Despite its planned
need to be adopted on urgent basis to harmonize and gleaming infrastructure, the area lacks adequate water and power supply with
WEF nexus, especially in the context of sustainable no proper sewage handling mechanisms. The city meets its water supply demand
urban development: from Dehrang Dam which dries up during summer and consequently faces acute
water shortage.
SMART WATER MANAGEMENT OF NAGPUR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION An application of results of survey at Gurgaon, indicate that water required for
cooking food in Panvel city would be around 2 MLD, which constitutes eight
Nagpur Municipal Corporation, also included in the smart cities list, had taken an percent of its total water demand. The city needs 17551 kg of energy in the
initiative under Public Private Partnership (PPP) model to provide continuous water form of LPG for cooking raw food whereas requires 147.6 Mwh of electricity in
supply on a city wide scale including slum dwellers.The project also aimed to reduce consumption of food other than cooking. This includes reheating, processing and
the NRW from 50% to 25% in 10 years. It is a classic example of management of entire storage of food items using electrical appliances. The city also needs 198 Mwh of
water cycle from production, treatment, transport, storage and delivery to the end energy in the form of electricity for pumping water into the storage tanks which is
user. At present every household has a tap and a meter and there is accountability for further used other purposes including cooking and washing.
every drop of water supplied. For this project the private company invested 30% of The Panvel city is experiencing a phenomenal rate of urban growth for last two
the estimated project cost and rest 70% grant came from JnNURM. It offers lessons decades that has resulted in the fast deterioration in the quality of life for the
and insights for other cities seeking ways to transform their water supply. majority of people living in the city. In such scenarios, an integrated approach for
Source: MoUD (2015). Compilation of Practices-Urban Services & Reforms in Indian management of water, energy and food requirements will reduce the burden on its
Cities. http://amrut.gov.in/writereaddata/Compilation_of_practices-NIUA-PEARL. resources, and the city authorities must focus on promoting resource optimization
pdf to meet the future demands.
Source: TERI Study
6 OCTOBER 2016
an integrated approach. Lack of any coordination Food management as integral part of urban
authority to oversee the policies and programmes development missions: Food consumption in
from individual ministries lead to intensification of urban areas is affected by wide range of factors,
trade-offs in their implementation. These trade-offs including food availability, food accessibility and food
lead to wastage of resources in other sectors giving choice, which in turn are influenced by geography,
rise to competitive stress among different sectors. demography, socio-economic status, culture,
The nexus issue could be addressed coherently only marketing and consumer attitudes. At present,
through the involvement of multi-level government urban policies do not focus on management of
authorities with their clear and well defined roles. food in urban areas. Considering the linkages
of food with water and energy, it is necessary to
Infrastructural Gaps: While inappropriate and develop smart solutions/ infrastructure to ensure
outdated infrastructure leads to wastage in water effective supply, storage, distribution and marketing
supply and NRW, it also causes loss of energy, produced mechanisms, simultaneously, ensuring optimum
again using water itself. Moreover, inappropriate supply food consumption patterns at household level in
chain management and facility to store food has been cities and towns. An integration of food management
attributed to wastage of almost one-third of all ‘water schemes with urban development missions will
and energy intensive food’ produced in the country. facilitate sustainable development of urban areas
by ensuring optimization of resource use.
Technological Gaps: Affordability and scalability of
technologies for resource use efficiency is the major Watershed based approach: Adopting a
challenge in their wider application by end users. watershed approach for city level planning,
Simultaneously, trade-offs exist among technologies provides a leverage to incorporate greater
for individual sectors- for example- technologies for degree of self sustainability to the city in terms
water use efficiency are generally energy intensive. of reducing its dependence on natural resources
Similarly, induction stoves while save LPG but are like water from outside the city limits. It increases
electricity intensive. Renewable energy based kitchen the potential for water conservation options like
appliances like solar cookers are not popular due to rainwater harvesting and aquifer recharge, also
their lower efficiency.
WATER AND ENERGY REQUIREMENT FOR FOOD IN THE PANVEL CITY OF
Policy recommendations MAHARASHTRA
An integrated policy framework is required to address Panvel, a new city of Greater Mumbai region is being developed, maintained and
the issues related to water, energy and food security administered by City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra
in the country. The recommendations mentioned (CIDCO) to meet the residential requirements of its population. Despite its planned
need to be adopted on urgent basis to harmonize and gleaming infrastructure, the area lacks adequate water and power supply with
WEF nexus, especially in the context of sustainable no proper sewage handling mechanisms. The city meets its water supply demand
urban development: from Dehrang Dam which dries up during summer and consequently faces acute
water shortage.
SMART WATER MANAGEMENT OF NAGPUR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION An application of results of survey at Gurgaon, indicate that water required for
cooking food in Panvel city would be around 2 MLD, which constitutes eight
Nagpur Municipal Corporation, also included in the smart cities list, had taken an percent of its total water demand. The city needs 17551 kg of energy in the
initiative under Public Private Partnership (PPP) model to provide continuous water form of LPG for cooking raw food whereas requires 147.6 Mwh of electricity in
supply on a city wide scale including slum dwellers.The project also aimed to reduce consumption of food other than cooking. This includes reheating, processing and
the NRW from 50% to 25% in 10 years. It is a classic example of management of entire storage of food items using electrical appliances. The city also needs 198 Mwh of
water cycle from production, treatment, transport, storage and delivery to the end energy in the form of electricity for pumping water into the storage tanks which is
user. At present every household has a tap and a meter and there is accountability for further used other purposes including cooking and washing.
every drop of water supplied. For this project the private company invested 30% of The Panvel city is experiencing a phenomenal rate of urban growth for last two
the estimated project cost and rest 70% grant came from JnNURM. It offers lessons decades that has resulted in the fast deterioration in the quality of life for the
and insights for other cities seeking ways to transform their water supply. majority of people living in the city. In such scenarios, an integrated approach for
Source: MoUD (2015). Compilation of Practices-Urban Services & Reforms in Indian management of water, energy and food requirements will reduce the burden on its
Cities. http://amrut.gov.in/writereaddata/Compilation_of_practices-NIUA-PEARL. resources, and the city authorities must focus on promoting resource optimization
pdf to meet the future demands.
Source: TERI Study
6 OCTOBER 2016
