Page 9 - Policy Brief on Designing a Business Model for Sustainable Management of End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) in India
P. 9
TERI Policy Brief
Authorized treatment facility (ATF) Operators up to 90% of the ELV weight being shredded, post-
responsibility shredder sorting is a crucial process to recycle and
recover materials. After the shredding process, dense
ATFs—more commonly referred to as dismantlers, media can be separated from the light ASR, or Shredder
scrap yards, salvage yards, or breakers yards—are Light Fraction (SLF), using an air classifier. Magnetic
sites that have been licensed to accept waste motor separation can then be used to remove the ferrous
vehicles, store it till the vehicles are dismantled and then fraction, non-ferrous materials, and plastics. Materials
undertake the dismantling, recycling, and treatment that can be recycled are then sent to manufacturers. The
process complying with the requirements of the ELV remaining light and heavy ASR fractions are then sent to
regulations. The facility also has the capacity to do the energy recovery and landfills. Box 1 suggests two ways
depollution. The main purpose of the depollution is to in which a treatment facility can be structured.
remove all hazardous materials from the vehicle and
safely dispose of them. It is important to highlight here Box 1: Options for structuring the Authorized
that the ELVs may at times have certain reusable parts. Treatment Facility (ATF)
These parts can be separated at the depollution unit and
can be sold out in retails or can also be used by part Option 1: One comprehensive facility which has a
dealers (Arora, 2017). depolluting unit, dismantling facility, recycling space,
and shredding machinery all in one place. In the
The facility needs to ensure there is optimal current situation in Indian cities, this facility will need
dismantling done prior to shredding with the goal of to come up. Third-party involvement could play an
increasing materials recovery, reducing shredder residue important role in setting up the facility.
volumes, and reducing contaminants. Specifically, the Option 2: ATF could have segments spread across
dismantling needs to: with close connects and tie-ups. These tie-ups also
need to integrate the informal sector such as the
1. Increase the number and amount of materials and Mayapuri in North Delhi. Additionally, this structure
parts that can be removed; could explore the possibility of carrying out dismantling
at the various large vehicle service stations/workshops
2. Source the recovered parts to a market for reuse; that are spread across the cities. After the dismantling,
dealers will have reusable parts, which they can either
3. Sort, save, and send defective and damaged parts for sent to the manufacturer and/or retain some parts and
recycling; use it for servicing and repairing works and/or sell
them in the secondary market.
4. Recover automotive fluids from defective and
damaged parts and send them for recycling. It is important to highlight here that the National
Automotive Testing and R&D Infrastructure Project
Dismantling can enable the recovery of up to roughly (NATRIP)12 facilitieswouldbecrucialfortrainingpersonnel
40% of the total ELV weight for reuse as spare parts who could then engage in scientific dismantling and work
and for recycling of large metal and plastic components. at the ATFs thereby leading to better resource recovery.
Some of the liquids and parts from the depollution stage
can also be reused, for example, fuel. Other parts, such Institutional Support Required from the Government
as engines, batteries, and electronic components are
potentially reusable depending on their age and state of 1. Defining ELVs: One fundamental impediment gets
repair. Electric and electronic components which cannot reflected in the way ELVs are defined. One way
be reused need to be dismantled due to their toxic would be to use a combination of 2 factors- the age
content. In some cases, materials of high value, such as of the vehicle (say greater than 10 years) and the
copper wires and platinum from catalytic converters are road worthiness (PUC + testing for road safety )
also collected prior to shredding. of the vehicle. So for a vehicle which is more than
10 years old and has failed the road worthiness test
Post dismantling, the parts which are not fit for twice consecutively, then it should be declared as an
reuse or remanufacturing are sent to a shredding plant.
The purpose of shredding is to segregate materials for 12 www.natrip.in
recycling. The material is first shredded in a few square
inch sizes and then segregated as iron, aluminum,
copper, plastics, glass, land fill, and other forms. With
MARCH 2017 9
Authorized treatment facility (ATF) Operators up to 90% of the ELV weight being shredded, post-
responsibility shredder sorting is a crucial process to recycle and
recover materials. After the shredding process, dense
ATFs—more commonly referred to as dismantlers, media can be separated from the light ASR, or Shredder
scrap yards, salvage yards, or breakers yards—are Light Fraction (SLF), using an air classifier. Magnetic
sites that have been licensed to accept waste motor separation can then be used to remove the ferrous
vehicles, store it till the vehicles are dismantled and then fraction, non-ferrous materials, and plastics. Materials
undertake the dismantling, recycling, and treatment that can be recycled are then sent to manufacturers. The
process complying with the requirements of the ELV remaining light and heavy ASR fractions are then sent to
regulations. The facility also has the capacity to do the energy recovery and landfills. Box 1 suggests two ways
depollution. The main purpose of the depollution is to in which a treatment facility can be structured.
remove all hazardous materials from the vehicle and
safely dispose of them. It is important to highlight here Box 1: Options for structuring the Authorized
that the ELVs may at times have certain reusable parts. Treatment Facility (ATF)
These parts can be separated at the depollution unit and
can be sold out in retails or can also be used by part Option 1: One comprehensive facility which has a
dealers (Arora, 2017). depolluting unit, dismantling facility, recycling space,
and shredding machinery all in one place. In the
The facility needs to ensure there is optimal current situation in Indian cities, this facility will need
dismantling done prior to shredding with the goal of to come up. Third-party involvement could play an
increasing materials recovery, reducing shredder residue important role in setting up the facility.
volumes, and reducing contaminants. Specifically, the Option 2: ATF could have segments spread across
dismantling needs to: with close connects and tie-ups. These tie-ups also
need to integrate the informal sector such as the
1. Increase the number and amount of materials and Mayapuri in North Delhi. Additionally, this structure
parts that can be removed; could explore the possibility of carrying out dismantling
at the various large vehicle service stations/workshops
2. Source the recovered parts to a market for reuse; that are spread across the cities. After the dismantling,
dealers will have reusable parts, which they can either
3. Sort, save, and send defective and damaged parts for sent to the manufacturer and/or retain some parts and
recycling; use it for servicing and repairing works and/or sell
them in the secondary market.
4. Recover automotive fluids from defective and
damaged parts and send them for recycling. It is important to highlight here that the National
Automotive Testing and R&D Infrastructure Project
Dismantling can enable the recovery of up to roughly (NATRIP)12 facilitieswouldbecrucialfortrainingpersonnel
40% of the total ELV weight for reuse as spare parts who could then engage in scientific dismantling and work
and for recycling of large metal and plastic components. at the ATFs thereby leading to better resource recovery.
Some of the liquids and parts from the depollution stage
can also be reused, for example, fuel. Other parts, such Institutional Support Required from the Government
as engines, batteries, and electronic components are
potentially reusable depending on their age and state of 1. Defining ELVs: One fundamental impediment gets
repair. Electric and electronic components which cannot reflected in the way ELVs are defined. One way
be reused need to be dismantled due to their toxic would be to use a combination of 2 factors- the age
content. In some cases, materials of high value, such as of the vehicle (say greater than 10 years) and the
copper wires and platinum from catalytic converters are road worthiness (PUC + testing for road safety )
also collected prior to shredding. of the vehicle. So for a vehicle which is more than
10 years old and has failed the road worthiness test
Post dismantling, the parts which are not fit for twice consecutively, then it should be declared as an
reuse or remanufacturing are sent to a shredding plant.
The purpose of shredding is to segregate materials for 12 www.natrip.in
recycling. The material is first shredded in a few square
inch sizes and then segregated as iron, aluminum,
copper, plastics, glass, land fill, and other forms. With
MARCH 2017 9
